Genes (81)
Species: human : 81 | |
Human | TMEM30B | 161291 | transmembrane protein 30B | Human CDC50A mRNA was expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells, placenta, brain and chondrosarcoma, while CDC50B mRNA was expressed in pancreatic islet, kidney, prostate as well as in lung carcinoid, parathyroid tumor, bladder tumor, meningioma and pancreatic cancer. | Human | REG4 | 83998 | regenerating islet-derived family, member 4 | These data suggest that Reg IV is expressed by gastrointestinal and pancreatic tumours, including adenocarcinomas and carcinoid tumours, and that Reg IV is associated with intestinal and neuroendocrine differentiation of the stomach and gastric carcinoma. Expression of Reg IV was detected in 14 (93.3%) of 15 colorectal carcinoid tumours. Expression of Reg IV was detected in 14 (93.3%) of 15 colorectal carcinoid tumours. These data suggest that Reg IV is expressed by gastrointestinal and pancreatic tumours, including adenocarcinomas and carcinoid tumours, and that Reg IV is associated with intestinal and neuroendocrine differentiation of the stomach and gastric carcinoma. | Human | PTCHD2 | 57540 | patched domain containing 2 | DISP3 mRNA was expressed in human embryonic stem (ES) cells, brain, testis, lung carcinoid, neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma and brain tumor. | Human | TSG11 | 50970 | Tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 11 | Thus, the majority of sporadically occurring carcinoid tumors are monoclonal whose tumorigenesis involves inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 11 and DNA mismatch repair genes mutations. | Human | PDCD4 | 27250 | programmed cell death 4 (neoplastic transformation inhibitor) | overexpression of PDCD4 in carcinoid cells results in inhibition of cell proliferation In the current study, we show that overexpression of PDCD4 in carcinoid cells results in inhibition of cell proliferation. | Human | PRKD2 | 25865 | protein kinase D2 | PKD2 plays an important role in carcinoid tumor progression | Human | IGF2BP3 | 10643 | insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3 | study shows KOC is highly expressed in high-grade lung neuroendocrine carcinomas but not low- & intermediate-grade carcinoid tumors, indicating KOC may play an important role in regulation of biologic behavior of high-grade lung neuroendocrine carcinomas Immunohistochemical detection of KOC expression may be a useful diagnostic tool for distinguishing between small cell carcinoma and carcinoid tumor | Human | SCGN | 10590 | secretagogin, EF-hand calcium binding protein | In a subset of neuroendocrine tumors, such as gastric neuroendocrine cancers and typical carcinoid tumors of rectum and ovary, SCGN showed strong staining while CgA expression was often negative. | Human | MSLN | 10232 | mesothelin | The carcinomas that did not express mesothelin included renal cell carcinomas, hepatomas, carcinomas of the thyroid, adrenal cortical carcinomas, prostatic adenocarcinomas, and carcinoid tumors. | Human | CLDN1 | 9076 | claudin 1 | Squamous cell carcinomas and carcinoids showed different CLDN1 expression | Human | NRP2 | 8828 | neuropilin 2 | However, some carcinoid tumors derived from the small intestine and stomach did express low levels of np-2 in isolated foci of cells. These results suggest that loss of np-2 expression may accompany tumor progression in carcinoid tumors. | Human | SCG2 | 7857 | secretogranin II | Carcinoid tumours (bronchial and intestinal) were analyzed by immunoblotting for the presence of chromogranin A, B and secretogranin II. Measurements of chromogranin A, chromogranin B (secretogranin I), chromogranin C (secretogranin II) and pancreastatin in plasma and urine from patients with carcinoid tumours and endocrine pancreatic tumours. In 17 prostatic carcinomas with pronounced neuroendocrine differentiation and in a case of prostatic carcinoid, chromogranin B was the major component whereas chromogranin A and secretogranin II were virtually absent in poorly differentiated (grade III) tumours. In 44 patients with carcinoid tumours, 17 patients with sporadic endocrine pancreatic tumours and 11 patients with endocrine pancreatic tumours and the multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 syndrome, plasma measurements revealed elevated chromogranin A levels in 99%, elevated chromogranin B in 88%, elevated chromogranin C in 6% and elevated pancreastatin in 46% of the patients. | Human | WT1 | 7490 | Wilms tumor 1 | WT1 is useful for the distinction of ovarian Sertoli cell tumor from endometrioid tumors and carcinoids | Human | TPH1 | 7166 | tryptophan hydroxylase 1 | Click here to display 14 evidence detail records. | Human | NKX2-1 | 7080 | | CK7, CK20, and TTF-1 did not differ significantly between carcinoid tumors located in different sites of the GI tract. Routinely processed paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 62 carcinoid tumors (lung, 16; gastrointestinal [GI] tract, 46) and 12 PETs were immunohistochemically stained for CK7, CK20, and TTF-1. Sometimes it might be a problem to delineate the location of the primary carcinoid tumor, but analyzing thyroid transcription factor-1 can be of help, because this factor is only expressed in foregut carcinoid and not in midgut or hindgut tumors. results show that TTF-1 is not expressed in normal and hyperplastic neuroendocrine(NE) cells or in carcinoids, but is expressed in high-grade NE proliferations and in lung adenocarcinomas Expression of CK7 and CK20, and particularly TTF-1, may be useful in distinguishing pulmonary from GI carcinoid tumors and PETs, especially when evaluated as a panel of markers. Positive immunostaining for TTF-1 was detected in 47 of 55 (85.5%) pure SCLCs, in 31 of 64 (49%) pure LCNECs, but in none of 15 NEHs, 23 tumorlets, or 50 carcinoid tumors (27 TCs and 23 ACs). Among well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors, TTF-1 expression seems to be present only in carcinoid tumors of the lung and medullary carcinomas of the thyroid and may be of differential diagnostic value when dealing with a metastatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor. | Human | TGFB3 | 7043 | transforming growth factor, beta 3 | The effects of these agents on expression of the mRNAs for TGF-beta 2 and TGF-beta 3 were more complex; while TGF-beta 2 and TGF-beta 3 mRNAs increased transiently in response to TGF-beta 1 in NHBE cells and TGF-beta 3 mRNA increased transiently in some NSCLC cells, expression of these mRNAs decreased in most of these cells in response to PMA with the exception of the carcinoid NCI-H727 where TGF-beta 2 mRNA increased dramatically, TGF-beta 1 and PMA both caused a persistent increase in expression of the mRNAs for both plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and plasminogen activator (PA) up to 24 hr in most NSCLC cells, with the increase in PAI-1 mRNA beginning several hours before that of PA mRNA. | Human | TGFB2 | 7042 | transforming growth factor, beta 2 | The effects of these agents on expression of the mRNAs for TGF-beta 2 and TGF-beta 3 were more complex; while TGF-beta 2 and TGF-beta 3 mRNAs increased transiently in response to TGF-beta 1 in NHBE cells and TGF-beta 3 mRNA increased transiently in some NSCLC cells, expression of these mRNAs decreased in most of these cells in response to PMA with the exception of the carcinoid NCI-H727 where TGF-beta 2 mRNA increased dramatically, TGF-beta 1 and PMA both caused a persistent increase in expression of the mRNAs for both plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and plasminogen activator (PA) up to 24 hr in most NSCLC cells, with the increase in PAI-1 mRNA beginning several hours before that of PA mRNA. | Human | TFF1 | 7031 | trefoil factor 1 | There was a statistically higher incidence of pS2 expression in carcinoid tumours of the ileum and rectum than in those of the appendix. | Human | TERT | 7015 | telomerase reverse transcriptase | Results indicate that telomerase is repressed in most lung carcinoids and that hTERT transcription and alternative splicing play a role in such a negative regulation | Human | TERC | 7012 | telomerase RNA component | Interestingly, the less aggressive carcinoid tumours of the lung had a significantly lower frequency of hTR expression (P < 0.01). With the exception of a carcinoid tumor and a necrotic squamous cell carcinoma, all tumor cells were moderate to strongly positive for both hTR and telomerase activity, except for foci of keratinization in squamous cell carcinomas. To independently confirm this result, we correlated expression of RNA component of telomerase (hTR) as a marker of telomerase expression by in situ hybridization with allelic loss in pulmonary carcinoid tumours. | Human | SYP | 6855 | synaptophysin | Click here to display 29 evidence detail records. | Human | STAT2 | 6773 | signal transducer and activator of transcription 2, 113kDa | Interferon alpha induction of Stat1 and Stat2 and their prognostic significance in carcinoid tumors. | Human | STAT1 | 6772 | signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 91kDa | Interferon alpha induction of Stat1 and Stat2 and their prognostic significance in carcinoid tumors. | Human | SSTR1 | 6751 | somatostatin receptor 1 | To increase further the reliability and prognostic value of sstr identification, we investigated the presence of mRNA for the subtypes sstr1 and sstr2 by in situ hybridization on tumor specimen from 25 carcinoid patients (22 midgut, 2 foregut, and 1 hindgut), all receiving somatostatin analogue treatment (12 lanreotide, 8 octreotide, and 5 octastatin) and compared this to the therapeutic response evaluated as inhibition of hormone secretion. We demonstrated a clear-cut long-lasting anti-proliferative effect of SR-LAN on liver metastases of occult carcinoid with high proliferation index and immunoreactivity for SSTR-1, 2, 3, and 5. In a carcinoid, SSTR1 and SSTR4 mRNAs were detected. | Human | SSR2 | 6746 | signal sequence receptor, beta (translocon-associated protein beta) | Histological, histochemical and specific mRNA measurements confirmed the presence of an SSR2 receptor carcinoid in the lung. |
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