Genes (13)
Species: human : 13 | |
Human | PDE11A | 50940 | phosphodiesterase 11A | PDE11A genetic defects may be associated with adrenal pathology in a wider than previously suspected and is associated with adrenal hyperplasia and adenomas | Human | STAR | 6770 | steroidogenic acute regulatory protein | Lipoid adrenal hyperplasia | Human | PRKAR1A | 5573 | protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type I, alpha | Cortisol-producing hyperplasia of the adrenal glands is caused by two distinct syndromes, both of which have been directly or indirectly associated with protein kinase A signaling: (i) primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) (a micronodular form of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia), either isolated (rarely) or in the context of Carney complex, is caused (in most cases) by mutations of the PRKAR1A gene; and (ii) ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (AIMAH), or massive macronodular adrenal disease (MMAD), has been associated with aberrant (ectopic) expression, and presumably regulation, of various G protein-coupled receptors. BLM deficiency is associated with a relative excess of PRKAR1A in fibroblasts compared to other PKA subunits; PRKAR1A deficiency is associated with increased BLM protein in adrenal hyperplasias | Human | POMC | 5443 | proopiomelanocortin | Chronic ACTH hypersecretion may lead to diffuse adrenal hyperplasia in patients with ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome | Human | LIPC | 3990 | lipase, hepatic | analysis of alternative mRNA splicing in hepatic lipase derived from human hyperplastic adrenals | Human | HTR4 | 3360 | 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 4, G protein-coupled | The serotonin4 (5-HT4) receptor agonists cisapride and/or metoclopramide have been shown to stimulate cortisol secretion in some patients with ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasias (AIMAH) causing Cushing;s syndrome. This study demonstrates that subclinical secretion of cortisol can be regulated via the aberrant function of at least V1-vasopressin, LH/hCG, or 5-HT4 receptors in incidentally identified bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia. All six patients with bilateral ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia were found to have one or two abnormal adrenal receptors, including those for gastric inhibitory polypeptide, vasopressin (V1-vasopressin), beta-adrenergic agonists, LH/human CG, or serotonin 5-HT4. In 6 cases of macronodular adrenal hyperplasia, we have identified, in addition to 2 cases of GIP-dependent Cushing;s syndrome, 4 other patients in whom cortisol production was regulated abnormally either by vasopressin, B-adrenergic receptor agonists, hCG/LH, or serotonin 5-HT-4 receptor agonists. | Human | HLA-DQA2 | 3118 | | To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of the HLA region in late-onset adrenal hyperplasia, 13 Italian patients affected by the disease were analyzed for: (1) HLA-A and -B typing; (2) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of DR beta, DQ beta, DQ alpha, 21-hydroxylase A and B genes; (3) fourth complement fraction loci A and B (C4A and C4B), second complement fraction (C2) and properdin B factor (Bf) complement typing; (4) hormonal characteristics associated with some HLA haplotypes. | Human | HLA-DQA1 | 3117 | | Title:[In Process Citation]|Association:Not Found|Conclusion: | Human | GIPR | 2696 | gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor | The ectopic expression of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor is frequent in adrenocorticotropin-independent bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia, but rare in unilateral tumors. | Human | CYP21A1P | 1590 | cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 pseudogene | Title:Estimation of the false-negative rate in newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia.|Association:Not Found|Conclusion:Newborn screening is efficient for diagnosing the SW form of CAH, but is inappropriate for identifying all patients with a moderate form of CAH. It appears that the false-negative rate is at least one-third in children with the moderate form of CAH. Abnormalities of the CYP21A/CYP21B gene ratio may serve as a marker for late-onset adrenal hyperplasia. Seven of eight (87%) patients with late-onset adrenal hyperplasia had an abnormal CYP21A/CYP21B gene ratio on laser densitometry, suggestive of CYP21A gene duplication, CYP21B gene deletion, or the conversion of a CYP21B gene to a CYP21A gene. Title:Mutational spectrum of the steroid 21-hydroxylase gene in Sweden: implications for genetic diagnosis and association with disease manifestation.|Association:Not Found|Conclusion:Not Found In all of our late-onset adrenal hyperplasia patients, hybridization of an oligonucleotide probe specific for this mutation was demonstrated to CYP21A but not to CYP21B. The CYP21A/CYP21B gene ratio may serve as a useful genetic marker for late-onset adrenal hyperplasia in a non-high-risk population. | Human | CYP21A2 | 1589 | cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 | Click here to display 29 evidence detail records. | Human | CYP11B1 | 1584 | cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 | Title:Mutations in CYP11B1 and congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Moroccan Jews.|Association:Not Found|Conclusion:The high incidence of 11-OHD in MJ, therefore, is only partially explained by the presence of R448H as a founder mutation. | Human | CYP11A1 | 1583 | cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 | Gonadal development and growth in 46,XX and 46,XY individuals with P450scc deficiency (congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia). Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia is a severe disorder of steroidogenesis in which cholesterol accumulates within steroidogenic cells and the synthesis of all adrenal and gonadal steroids is impaired, hormonally suggesting a disorder in P450scc. Mutations in the StAR gene cause the potentially lethal disease congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia, a condition in which cholesterol transfer to the cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage enzyme, P450scc, is blocked, filling the cell with cholesterol and cholesterol esters. P450scc deficiency (congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia): first reported case in Thailand and literature review. The diagnosis of P450scc deficiency or lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia was based on all these characteristics. Thus, although homozygous absence of P450scc should be incompatible with term gestation, haploinsufficiency of P450scc causes a late-onset form of congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia that can be explained by the same two-hit model that has been validated for congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia caused by StAR deficiency. Normal genes for the cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme, P450scc, in congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia. The most striking discovery was steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, mutations of which produce lipoid adrenal hyperplasia that was previously attributed to P-450scc deficiency. Study of cholesterol side-chain cleavage (20,22 desmolase) deficiency causing congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia using bovine-sequence P450scc oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes. Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia--genes for P450scc, side chain cleavage enzyme, are normal. However, congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia is caused by mutations in the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein StAR; it has been thought that P450scc mutations are incompatible with human term gestation, because P450scc is needed for placental biosynthesis of progesterone, which is required to maintain pregnancy. In studying patients with congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia, we identified an individual with normal StAR and SF-1 genes and a heterozygous mutation in P450scc. These studies show that lipoid CAH is not caused by lesions in the P450scc gene, and suggest that another unidentified factor is required for the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone, and is disordered in congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia. Lipoid adrenal hyperplasia |
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