Genes (73)
Species: human : 69 mouse : 4 | |
Mouse | TNFRSF11A | 8792 | tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 11a, NFKB activator | Jones et al. show that OPG inhibits bone metastasis after intracardiac injection of B16F10 murine melanoma cells, but claim that bone metastases are entirely independent of osteoclast formation and bone resorption: rather, they are caused by an effect on cell migration through RANK. | Mouse | TNFSF11 | 8600 | tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 | Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) is a key molecule of osteoclast formation for bone metastasis in a newly developed model of human neuroblastoma. To develop these methods, we used bioluminescent imaging (BLI) to determine if expression of receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL), a pro-osteoclastogenic factor that promotes CaP bone metastases, is modulated by the bone matrix protein transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in vivo. These results suggested that in the bone microenvironment of NB-19-bearing mice, the stimulated expression of RANKL plays an important role in OC formation, leading to osteolytic bone metastasis. | Mouse | TNFRSF11B | 4982 | tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 11b | Osteoprotegerin inhibits osteolysis and decreases skeletal tumor burden in syngeneic and nude mouse models of experimental bone metastasis. | Mouse | CSK | 1445 | c-src tyrosine kinase | A clone of the MDA-231 with the increased capacity of bone metastasis exhibited elevated c-src tyrosine kinase (TK) activity compared with parental cells. | Human | MAPKAP1 | 79109 | mitogen-activated protein kinase associated protein 1 | MIP-1 delta expression is increased in RBM (RCC (Renal Cell Carcinoma) bone metastasis) relative to RCC and bone marrow, and may promote RBM-induced osteolysis by stimulating recruitment/differentiation of osteoclast precursors into mature osteoclasts | Human | DKK1 | 22943 | dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 | Breast cancer-produced Dkk1 may be an important mechanistic link between primary breast tumors and secondary osteolytic bone metastases Increased Dickkopf-1 expression is associated with breast cancer bone metastases Elevated DKK-1 expression is an early event in prostate cancer (PCa) and that as PCa progresses DKK-1 expression declines, particularly in advanced bone metastases | Human | PNMA2 | 10687 | paraneoplastic Ma antigen 2 | RESULTS: PC-3 and PC-3 MA2, which were derived from bone metastases, were resistant to paraquat, hydrogen peroxide, and cisplatin compared with HPC36M, which was obtained from the primary prostate cancer. | Human | CXCR6 | 10663 | chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 6 | besides CXCL12/CXCR4, CXCL16/CXCR6 might be another important factor involved in PCa bone metastasis | Human | POSTN | 10631 | periostin, osteoblast specific factor | We investigated serum periostin levels in breast cancer and small cell lung cancer patients, especially in patients with bone metastasis. Serum periostin levels were elevated in breast cancer patients presenting with bone metastases (92.0 +/- 28.6 ng/ml) compared to similar breast cancer patients without evidence of bone metastasis (55.0 +/- 16.6 ng/ml, p = 0.04). Elevated serum periostin levels in patients with bone metastases from breast but not lung cancer. In contrast, serum periostin levels were similar in samples from patients with small cell lung cancer who did or did not have bone metastasis. There was no relation between serum periostin level and gender, stage, bone metastasis, N status, or T status. Serum periostin levels thus appear to serve as a marker of bone metastasis from breast cancer. | Human | DMTF1 | 9988 | cyclin D binding myb-like transcription factor 1 | It was detectable in 80% of the cases, suggesting a potential role for DMP1 in tumor progression and bone metastasis. | Human | NOG | 9241 | noggin | Lack of noggin expression by cancer cells may be a relevant mechanism contributing to the osteoblast response in bone metastases | Human | TNFRSF11A | 8792 | tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 11a, NFKB activator | Inhibitors of RANK ligand (RANKL) that bind to RANK (for ;receptor activator of NF-kappaB;), such as osteoprotegerin (OPG), neutralizing antibodies against RANKL and soluble RANK antagonists, are well described inhibitors of bone metastasis in preclinical and clinical models, presumably because of their effects on osteoclasts. [Treatment of bone metastases] Enhanced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclastic activity through receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK) ligand - RANK system together with cytokines released from bone matrix during bone resorption play important roles in the development of bone metastases. Furthermore, the present study provides the evidence that blocking RANKL-RANK interaction offer new therapeutic approach not only at the level of bone resorbing cells, but also by interfering with RANK-positive prostate cancer cells in the prostate cancer bone metastasis development. Amgen, as part of its program targeting the RANK/RANKL/ osteoprotegerin pathway, is developing denosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, delivered subcutaneously, targeting the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand, for the potential treatment of diseases associated with bone loss, such as osteoporosis and bone metastases. Skeletal malignancies, including bone metastases, disrupt the OPG-RANKL-RANK signal transduction pathway and promote enhanced osteoclast formation, thereby accelerating bone resorption and inducing bone loss. The osteolytic complications associated with bone metastases are caused by tumor-induced alterations of the OPG-RANKL-RANK system, which are accompanied by enhanced bone resorption and disassociated from counterbalancing bone formation by osteoblasts. Enhanced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclastic activity through receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK) ligand - RANK system together with cytokines released from bone matrix during bone resorption play important roles in the development of bone metastases. | Human | TNFRSF6B | 8771 | tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 6b, decoy | This action of DcR3 might play an important role in significant osteoclastic activity in osteolytic bone metastases. | Human | TNFSF11 | 8600 | tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 | Click here to display 9 evidence detail records. | Human | CXCR4 | 7852 | chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 | Logistic regression analysis revealed that positive expression of CXCR4 protein was an independent and superior predictor for bone metastasis to Gleason sum (P < 0.05). Furthermore, among PC patients with PSA greater than 20 ng/mL, the positive rate of CXCR4 protein was significantly higher in patients with bone metastasis than in those with no bone metastasis (P = 0.017). To assess the role of SDF-1/CXCR4 in metastasis, bone metastases were established by administering CaP cells into the left cardiac ventricle of nude animals in the presence or absence of neutralizing CXCR4 antibody. | Human | VIM | 7431 | vimentin | expression correlated with motility of prostate carcinoma cells, poor cell differentiation, and presence of bone metastasis | Human | VEGFA | 7422 | vascular endothelial growth factor A | The Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)were expressed by prostate cancer cells in vitro and by prostate tumors in vivo and their expression was elevated at sites of bone metastasis compared to original prostate tumor | Human | VDR | 7421 | vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor | Title:Association of the vitamin D receptor genotype with bone metastases in breast cancer patients.|Association:Y|Conclusion:Not Found | Human | TMPRSS2 | 7113 | transmembrane protease, serine 2 | We identified TMPRSS2 as a gene that is down-regulated in androgen-independent prostate cancer xenograft tissue derived from a bone metastasis. | Human | TIMP1 | 7076 | TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 | Thirty one specimens of bone metastasis from breast carcinoma were stained for MMP-1, -2, -9, MT1-MMP and TIMP-1, and -2 and compared with staining in normal breast tissue, primary breast carcinoma and normal bone. We explored whether the interaction between tumor cells and bone leads to changes in MMP and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP) expression thus affecting osteolysis in metastatic bone disease. The number and activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts was increased dramatically in bone metastases, their MMP/TIMP profiles, however, were not different from normal bone, suggesting that the mechanism of bone degradation by osteoclasts is not different from normal bone remodelling. Though no major differences in the MMP/TIMP staining of tumor cells and fibroblasts were observed between bone metastasis and primary tumor, we showed that tumor cells do express MMPs capable of degrading bone matrix collagen. | Human | SPINK1 | 6690 | serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 1 | We determined the serum concentrations of TATI in 35 patients with various bone diseases, i.e. degenerative diseases, bone metastasis and osteosarcomas. TATI has a better sensitivity in osteosarcomas (83%) than in metastatic bone diseases (33%). | Human | SDC1 | 6382 | syndecan 1 | Expression of syndecan-1 was significantly greater in soft tissue than in bone metastasis (P = 0.048, Fisher;s exact test). | Human | PTH1R | 5745 | parathyroid hormone 1 receptor | The parathyroid hormone-related protein receptor is expressed in breast cancer bone metastases and promotes autocrine proliferation in breast carcinoma cells | Human | PTHLH | 5744 | parathyroid hormone-like hormone | Because PTHrP contributes to hypercalcemia and bone metastases, switching of G-protein usage by the CaR may contribute to the pathogenesis of breast cancer PTHRP and its receptor are co-expressed more frequently in bone metastases of breast cancer | Human | PLAU | 5328 | plasminogen activator, urokinase | Increased expression of u-PA is a feature of bone metastasis in patients with prostate cancer |
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